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Avoid Avalanche


Retention distance ascent ( Entlastungsabstände Aufstieg Afstand ved opstigningen )

Precaution to ensure the snowpack is less burden so you minimize risk of triggering an avalanche

Retention distances downhill ( Entlastungsabstände Abfahrt Afstand ved nedkørsel )

Precaution to ensure the snowpack is less burden so you minimize risk of triggering an avalanche

whumpfing, collapsing sound ( Wumm geräusch Whumpfs lyd )

Distinctive sound (“whumph” or “whumpf”) that occurs when a weak layer below a slab collapses.. The sound usually indicates an unstable situation and can be accompanied by cracking. Repeated whumpfs are a clear alert of avalanche hazard.		Reference
http://www.slf.ch

Avalanche Danger Scale - Europe ( Europäischen Lawinengefahrenskala Europæiske Lavine fare skala )

Since 1993, there are the single European avalanche danger scale. The Avalanche Warning Bavaria, Austria, Italy, Switzerland, France, Slovenia and Spain agreed on a common system of classification of the avalanche danger.		Reference
http://www.avalanche-center.org

Critical new snow depth ( Kritische Neuschneemenge Kritisk nye sne mængde )

The new snow is a load for the old snow cover and hence increases the avalanche danger.

The rule of thumb for the critical new snow depth is:

10 to 20 cm with unfavourable situations
20 to 30 cm with intermediate situations
30 to 50 cm with favourable situations

Favourable: low to moderate wind speeds, air temperature close to 0°C, strongly irregular old snow surface, frequently skied slopes.

Unfavourable: high rate of precipitation, strong winds (> 50 km/h, roaring wind), low temperature (below –5 to –10°C ), smooth old snow surface (surface hoar, melt-freeze crust or ice, , very old snow surface,), rarely skied slopes.		Reference
http://www.slf.ch

Reductions method (3x3) ( Reduktionsmethode (3x3) Reduktions metode (3x3) )

Werner Munter is the inventor of the reduction method. by using the risk factors and the degree of reduction factors such as steepness, exposure, the avalanche risk behaviour can be determined.

Avalanche danger ( Lavine fare Lawinengefahr )

From this point on is there Avalanche danger

DAV-SnowCard ( DAV-SnowCard DAV-SnowCard )

The method from the German mountaineering club DAV to in a fast way to check and do risk assessment of avalanche danger		Reference
http://www.av-snowcard.de/

Stop or Go Card ( Stop or Go Card Stop or Go Card )

The Stop or Go Card from Michael Larcher is preferred by the Austrian Alpine Club (ÖAV) to asses the avalanche danger		Reference
http://www.alpenverein.at/